Boundaries Matter - The Pros and Cons of Vertical Integration in BIM Implementation

Boundary spanning systemic innovations such as building information modeling (BIM) are difficult to implement. Literature suggests that vertical integration facilitates the implementation of systemic innovations. This study examines the role of vertical integration in the implementation of BIM as an example of a systemic innovation. It analyzes and compares two opposite case studies from the Finnish construction industry including a vertically integrated and a vertically disintegrated project networks. The findings propose that there are seven structurally relevant factors in BIM implementation; (1) management support, (2) coordination and control, (3) learning and experience, (4) technology management, (5) communication, (6) motivation, and (7) defining roles. Moreover, there are not only advantages but also disadvantages from vertical integration related to each of these implementation factors. Thus, in order to achieve as smooth and successful implementation as possible, managers should understand the impact of the network structure and plan the BIM implementation projects accordingly.